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【公司名稱】 廣州健侖生物科技有限公司
【市場(chǎng)部】    楊永漢

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【公司地址】 廣州清華科技園創(chuàng)新基地番禺石樓鎮(zhèn)創(chuàng)啟路63號(hào)二期2幢101-103室

美國(guó)紐約大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院和中國(guó)北京大學(xué)深圳研究生院的研究人員在小鼠的一項(xiàng)研究中表明，睡眠可鞏固記憶，而它是通過促進(jìn)腦中新的突觸的生長(zhǎng)來做得這一點(diǎn)的。相關(guān)文章發(fā)表于2014年6月6日的《science》雜志上。
科學(xué)家們長(zhǎng)期以來就知道，睡眠可幫助增進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)及記憶，盡管這一過程是如何發(fā)揮作用的則一直晦暗不明，尤其是當(dāng)睡眠被顯示會(huì)減少腦中的突觸數(shù)或神經(jīng)連接時(shí)。(尋找睡眠與記憶之間有某種的研究人員會(huì)期待看到睡眠時(shí)突觸數(shù)會(huì)有所增加。)
Guang Yang及其同事zui近在該領(lǐng)域中取得了進(jìn)展;他們證明，教小鼠學(xué)習(xí)一種新的運(yùn)動(dòng)技能——如在某根桿子頂部保持平衡——會(huì)引起它們腦中新的樹突棘的形成(樹突棘的數(shù)目與神經(jīng)突觸數(shù)是相關(guān)的)。這提示，在哺乳類動(dòng)物腦中的突觸變化是學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)。
如今，為了探索睡眠是否會(huì)影響突觸變化，Yang等人用一種技術(shù)來觀看活體小鼠運(yùn)動(dòng)皮層中的樹突棘。他們訓(xùn)練小鼠學(xué)習(xí)不同的技能。有些小鼠可在學(xué)習(xí)后馬上得到睡眠;另外一些小鼠則要經(jīng)歷一段8小時(shí)的睡眠剝奪時(shí)間。睡眠可引起新樹突棘數(shù)的增加。剝奪睡眠則適得其反。實(shí)際上，睡眠剝奪的影響是如此之強(qiáng)，它能壓制額外訓(xùn)練的效果;即使當(dāng)睡眠剝奪小鼠得到對(duì)某技能的更嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練，但它們?nèi)匀槐饶切┑玫叫菹⒌膶?duì)等小鼠所長(zhǎng)出的新突觸棘要少。

Researchers at the New York University School of Medicine in the United States and the Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University in China have shown in a study of mice that sleep can consolidate memory by doing this by promoting the growth of new synapses in the brain. A related article was published in "science" magazine on June 6, 2014.
Scientists have long known that sleep helps to improve learning and memory, though the process of how it works has been obscure, especially when sleep is shown to reduce the number of synapses or neural connections in the brain. (Researchers looking for a connection between sleep and memory expect to see an increase in the number of synapses when they sleep.)
Guang Yang and colleagues recently made progress in the field; they demonstrated that teaching mice to learn a new motor skill - such as balancing on the top of a pole - can cause new dendrites in their brains (The number of dendritic spines is related to the number of synapses). This suggests that synaptic changes in the mammalian brain are the foundations of learning.
Now, to explore whether sleep affects synaptic changes, Yang et al. Used a technique to see dendritic spines in the motor cortex of living mice. They train mice to learn different skills. Some mice sleep immediay after they learn; others have an 8-hour sleep deprivation period. Sleep can cause an increase in the number of new dendrites. Deprivation of sleep is counterproductive. In fact, the effect of sleep deprivation is so strong that it can suppress the effects of additional training; even when sleep-deprived mice receive more rigorous training in a particular skill, they are still more likely than their peers who are rescued The new synaptic out less.